Palabras clave
coronavirus
corazón
metabolismo
sistema respiratorio
corazón
metabolismo
sistema respiratorio
Cómo citar
Suarez Alvarado, E., Suatunce Tobar, A., Calderón Gutiérrez, J., & Castro Jalca, J. (2024). Complicaciones respiratorias, metabólicas y cardiacas en personas covid-19. Conocimiento Global, 9(S1), 219-233. https://doi.org/10.70165/cglobal.v9iS1.534
Resumen
La evolución continua del COVID-19, especialmente con las nuevas variantes, plantea desafíos en el manejo de las complicaciones respiratorias, metabólicas y cardiacas. El objetivo del estudio fue analizar las complicaciones respiratorias, metabólicas y cardiacas en personas infectadas con COVID-19. La metodología empleada consistió en una revisión documental de tipo descriptiva, que implico una búsqueda meticulosa en bases de datos científicas en inglés y español, revistas indexadas como; Google académico, Pudmed, Dialnet, Scielo, NCBI, Sciencedirect y Springer. Los resultados revelaron que la dificultad respiratoria fue la complicación más reportada. La hiperglicemia destacó como una complicación metabólica importante observada y de mayor reporte. En lo referente a las complicaciones cardiovasculares, la insuficiencia cardiaca fue la más reportada en los pacientes con covid-19. Se concluyo que las complicaciones respiratorias son prevalentes en pacientes con COVID-19, esto subrayan la necesidad de estrategias de monitoreo y tratamiento continuos.
Citas
Al-Jahdhami, I., Al-Mawali, A., & Bennji, S. M. (2022). Respiratory Complications after COVID-19. Oman Medical Journal, 37(1), e343. https://doi.org/10.5001/omj.2022.52
Apolinario, A. (2023). Complicaciones por COVID-19 en adultos de 20 a 64 años en un hospital municipal, Guayaquil – Ecuador 2020—2021. Repositorio Institucional - UCV. https://repositorio.ucv.edu.pe/handle/20.500.12692/115220
Apolinario Alava, A. I. (2023). Complicaciones por COVID-19 en adultos de 20 a 64 años en un hospital municipal, Guayaquil – Ecuador 2020—2021. Repositorio Institucional - UCV. https://repositorio.ucv.edu.pe/handle/20.500.12692/115220
Ayres, J. S. (2020). A metabolic handbook for the COVID-19 pandemic. Nature Metabolism, 2(7), 572-585. https://doi.org/10.1038/s42255-020-0237-2
Belfiore, M. P., Russo, G. M., Gallo, L., Atripaldi, U., Tamburrini, S., Caliendo, V., Impieri, L., Del Canto, M. T., Ciani, G., Parrella, P., Mangoni di Santo Stefano, M. L., Salvia, A. A. H., Urraro, F., Nardone, V., Coppola, N., Reginelli, A., & Cappabianca, S. (2022). Secondary Complications in COVID-19 Patients: A Case Series. Tomography, 8(4), 1836-1850. https://doi.org/10.3390/tomography8040154
Brosnahan, S. B., Jonkman, A. H., Kugler, M. C., Munger, J. S., & Kaufman, D. A. (2020). COVID-19 and Respiratory System Disorders. Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology, 40(11), 2586-2597. https://doi.org/10.1161/ATVBAHA.120.314515
Chen, Z., Peng, Y., Wu, X., Pang, B., Yang, F., Zheng, W., Liu, C., & Zhang, J. (2022). Comorbidities and complications of COVID-19 associated with disease severity, progression, and mortality in China with centralized isolation and hospitalization: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Frontiers in Public Health, 10, 923485. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2022.923485
Dissanayake, H. (s. f.). COVID-19 and metabolic syndrome. Best Practice & Research. Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.beem.2023.101753
Eftekhar, Z., Haybar, H., Mohebbi, A., & Saki, N. (2024). Cardiac Complications and COVID-19: A Review of Life-threatening Co-morbidities. Current Cardiology Reviews, 20(3), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.2174/011573403X279782240206091322
Esendağli, D., Yilmaz, A., Akçay, Ş., & Özlü, T. (2021). Post-COVID syndrome: Pulmonary complications. Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences, 51(7), 3359. https://doi.org/10.3906/sag-2106-238
Gárces-Granoble, I. G., Loor-Intriago, M. F., & Alcocer-Díaz, S. (2023). Secuelas post-COVID-19 en adultos de Latinoamérica. MQRInvestigar, 7(1), Article 1. https://doi.org/10.56048/MQR20225.7.1.2023.2778-2798
Jafari-Oori, M., Moradian, S. T., Ebadi, A., Jafari, M., & Dehi, M. (2022). Incidence of cardiac complications following COVID-19 infection: An umbrella meta-analysis study. Heart & Lung, 52, 136. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hrtlng.2022.01.001
Jakubec, P., Fišerová, K., Genzor, S., & Kolář, M. (2022). Pulmonary Complications after COVID-19. Life, 12(3), 357. https://doi.org/10.3390/life12030357
Kaviani, M., Keshtkar, S., Soleimanian, S., Sabet Sarvestani, F., Azarpira, N., & Pakbaz, S. (2022). Susceptibility to Metabolic Diseases in COVID-19: To be or Not to be an Issue. Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences, 9, 803314. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmolb.2022.803314
Kole, C., Stefanou, Ε., Karvelas, N., Schizas, D., & Toutouzas, K. P. (2023). Acute and Post-Acute COVID-19 Cardiovascular Complications: A Comprehensive Review. Cardiovascular Drugs and Therapy. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10557-023-07465-w
Lai, C. C. (2020). Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19): The Epidemic and the Challenges. https://paho-covid-prod.atmire.com/handle/20.500.12663/491
Leng, L., & Bian, X.-W. (2023). Injury mechanism of COVID-19–induced cardiac complications. Cardiology plus, 8(3), 159-166. https://doi.org/10.1097/CP9.0000000000000055
Liu, G., Du, C., Du, W., & You, D. (2023). The clinical features of severe COVID-19 with respiratory failure: A Chinese single-center retrospective study. Medicine, 102(48), e36110. https://doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000036110
Louis, T. J., Qasem, A., Abdelli, L. S., & Naser, S. A. (2022). Extra-Pulmonary Complications in SARS-CoV-2 Infection: A Comprehensive Multi Organ-System Review. Microorganisms, 10(1), 153. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10010153
Lu, S., Huang, X., Liu, R., Lan, Y., Lei, Y., Zeng, F., Tang, X., & He, H. (2022). Comparison of COVID-19 Induced Respiratory Failure and Typical ARDS: Similarities and Differences. Frontiers in Medicine, 9, 829771. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2022.829771
Makhoul, E., Aklinski, J. L., Miller, J., Leonard, C., Backer, S., Kahar, P., Parmar, M. S., & Khanna, D. (s. f.). A Review of COVID-19 in Relation to Metabolic Syndrome: Obesity, Hypertension, Diabetes, and Dyslipidemia. Cureus, 14(7), e27438. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.27438
Mensah, G. A., Vaduganathan, M., & Roth, G. A. (2023). Acute Cardiovascular Complications of COVID-19. Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 81(6), 570-573. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2022.11.042
Moazzami, B., Chaichian, S., Kasaeian, A., Djalalinia, S., Akhlaghdoust, M., Eslami, M., & Broumand, B. (2020). Metabolic risk factors and risk of Covid-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS ONE, 15(12), e0243600. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0243600
Molina, M., & Hernández, M. (2022). Respiratory consequences after COVID-19: Outcome and treatment. Revista Española de Quimioterapia, 35(Suppl 1), 67-72. https://doi.org/10.37201/req/s01.16.2022
Ntchana, A., Shrestha, S., & Pippin, M. (s. f.). Cardiovascular Complications of COVID-19: A Scoping Review of Evidence. Cureus, 15(11), e48275. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.48275
Pe, S., Jp, K., & Cj, R. (2022). Post-acute sequelae of COVID-19: A metabolic perspective. eLife, 11. https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.78200
Pillarisetti, J., Cheema, M. S., Haloot, J., Panday, M., Badin, A., Mehta, A., Anderson, A. S., & Prasad, A. (2022). Cardiac complications of COVID-19: Incidence and outcomes. Indian Heart Journal, 74(3), 170-177. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ihj.2022.04.008
Rico-Martín, S., Calderón-García, J. F., Basilio-Fernández, B., Clavijo-Chamorro, M. Z., & Sánchez Muñoz-Torrero, J. F. (2021). Metabolic Syndrome and Its Components in Patients with COVID-19: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) and Mortality. A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease, 8(12), 162. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcdd8120162
Saeed, S., Tadic, M., Larsen, T. H., Grassi, G., & Mancia, G. (2021). Coronavirus disease 2019 and cardiovascular complications: Focused clinical review. Journal of Hypertension, 39(7), 1282-1292. https://doi.org/10.1097/HJH.0000000000002819
Singh, S. J., Baldwin, M. M., Daynes, E., Evans, R. A., Greening, N. J., Jenkins, R. G., Lone, N. I., McAuley, H., Mehta, P., Newman, J., Novotny, P., Smith, D. J. F., Stanel, S., Toshner, M., & Brightling, C. E. (2023). Respiratory sequelae of COVID-19: Pulmonary and extrapulmonary origins, and approaches to clinical care and rehabilitation. The Lancet. Respiratory Medicine. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-2600(23)00159-5
Srinivasan, A., Wong, F., Couch, L. S., & Wang, B. X. (2022). Cardiac Complications of COVID-19 in Low-Risk Patients. Viruses, 14(6), 1322. https://doi.org/10.3390/v14061322
Steenblock, C., Schwarz, P. E. H., Ludwig, B., Linkermann, A., Zimmet, P., Kulebyakin, K., Tkachuk, V. A., Markov, A. G., Lehnert, H., Angelis, M. H. de, Rietzsch, H., Rodionov, R. N., Khunti, K., Hopkins, D., Birkenfeld, A. L., Boehm, B., Holt, R. I. G., Skyler, J. S., DeVries, J. H., … Bornstein, S. R. (2021). COVID-19 and metabolic disease: Mechanisms and clinical management. The Lancet. Diabetes & Endocrinology, 9(11), 786. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-8587(21)00244-8
Terzic, C. M., & Medina-Inojosa, B. J. (s. f.). CARDIOVASCULAR COMPLICATIONS OF COVID-19. Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinics of North America. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmr.2023.03.003
Tolu-Akinnawo, O., Adusei Poku, F., Elimihele, T., League, M., Adkins, C. F., & Okafor, H. (s. f.). Acute Cardiovascular Complications of COVID-19: A Systematic Review. Cureus, 15(5), e38576. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.38576
Williams, Z., & Hull, J. H. (2022). Respiratory complications following COVID‐19 in athletic populations: A narrative review. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports, 10.1111/sms.14275. https://doi.org/10.1111/sms.14275
Wu, S., Zhou, K., Misra-Hebert, A., Bena, J., & Kashyap, S. R. (2022). Impact of Metabolic Syndrome on Severity of COVID-19 Illness. Metabolic Syndrome and Related Disorders, 20(4), 191-198. https://doi.org/10.1089/met.2021.0102
Xie, W., Hsu, H. E., Shafer, P. R., Podolsky, M. I., & Stokes, A. C. (s. f.). Metabolic Disease and The Risk of Post-COVID Conditions: A Retrospective Cohort Study. medRxiv. https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.03.26.24304845
Zhang, H., Wu, Y., He, Y., Liu, X., Liu, M., Tang, Y., Li, X., Yang, G., Liang, G., Xu, S., Wang, M., & Wang, W. (2022). Age-Related Risk Factors and Complications of Patients With COVID-19: A Population-Based Retrospective Study. Frontiers in Medicine, 8, 757459. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2021.757459
Apolinario, A. (2023). Complicaciones por COVID-19 en adultos de 20 a 64 años en un hospital municipal, Guayaquil – Ecuador 2020—2021. Repositorio Institucional - UCV. https://repositorio.ucv.edu.pe/handle/20.500.12692/115220
Apolinario Alava, A. I. (2023). Complicaciones por COVID-19 en adultos de 20 a 64 años en un hospital municipal, Guayaquil – Ecuador 2020—2021. Repositorio Institucional - UCV. https://repositorio.ucv.edu.pe/handle/20.500.12692/115220
Ayres, J. S. (2020). A metabolic handbook for the COVID-19 pandemic. Nature Metabolism, 2(7), 572-585. https://doi.org/10.1038/s42255-020-0237-2
Belfiore, M. P., Russo, G. M., Gallo, L., Atripaldi, U., Tamburrini, S., Caliendo, V., Impieri, L., Del Canto, M. T., Ciani, G., Parrella, P., Mangoni di Santo Stefano, M. L., Salvia, A. A. H., Urraro, F., Nardone, V., Coppola, N., Reginelli, A., & Cappabianca, S. (2022). Secondary Complications in COVID-19 Patients: A Case Series. Tomography, 8(4), 1836-1850. https://doi.org/10.3390/tomography8040154
Brosnahan, S. B., Jonkman, A. H., Kugler, M. C., Munger, J. S., & Kaufman, D. A. (2020). COVID-19 and Respiratory System Disorders. Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology, 40(11), 2586-2597. https://doi.org/10.1161/ATVBAHA.120.314515
Chen, Z., Peng, Y., Wu, X., Pang, B., Yang, F., Zheng, W., Liu, C., & Zhang, J. (2022). Comorbidities and complications of COVID-19 associated with disease severity, progression, and mortality in China with centralized isolation and hospitalization: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Frontiers in Public Health, 10, 923485. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2022.923485
Dissanayake, H. (s. f.). COVID-19 and metabolic syndrome. Best Practice & Research. Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.beem.2023.101753
Eftekhar, Z., Haybar, H., Mohebbi, A., & Saki, N. (2024). Cardiac Complications and COVID-19: A Review of Life-threatening Co-morbidities. Current Cardiology Reviews, 20(3), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.2174/011573403X279782240206091322
Esendağli, D., Yilmaz, A., Akçay, Ş., & Özlü, T. (2021). Post-COVID syndrome: Pulmonary complications. Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences, 51(7), 3359. https://doi.org/10.3906/sag-2106-238
Gárces-Granoble, I. G., Loor-Intriago, M. F., & Alcocer-Díaz, S. (2023). Secuelas post-COVID-19 en adultos de Latinoamérica. MQRInvestigar, 7(1), Article 1. https://doi.org/10.56048/MQR20225.7.1.2023.2778-2798
Jafari-Oori, M., Moradian, S. T., Ebadi, A., Jafari, M., & Dehi, M. (2022). Incidence of cardiac complications following COVID-19 infection: An umbrella meta-analysis study. Heart & Lung, 52, 136. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hrtlng.2022.01.001
Jakubec, P., Fišerová, K., Genzor, S., & Kolář, M. (2022). Pulmonary Complications after COVID-19. Life, 12(3), 357. https://doi.org/10.3390/life12030357
Kaviani, M., Keshtkar, S., Soleimanian, S., Sabet Sarvestani, F., Azarpira, N., & Pakbaz, S. (2022). Susceptibility to Metabolic Diseases in COVID-19: To be or Not to be an Issue. Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences, 9, 803314. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmolb.2022.803314
Kole, C., Stefanou, Ε., Karvelas, N., Schizas, D., & Toutouzas, K. P. (2023). Acute and Post-Acute COVID-19 Cardiovascular Complications: A Comprehensive Review. Cardiovascular Drugs and Therapy. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10557-023-07465-w
Lai, C. C. (2020). Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19): The Epidemic and the Challenges. https://paho-covid-prod.atmire.com/handle/20.500.12663/491
Leng, L., & Bian, X.-W. (2023). Injury mechanism of COVID-19–induced cardiac complications. Cardiology plus, 8(3), 159-166. https://doi.org/10.1097/CP9.0000000000000055
Liu, G., Du, C., Du, W., & You, D. (2023). The clinical features of severe COVID-19 with respiratory failure: A Chinese single-center retrospective study. Medicine, 102(48), e36110. https://doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000036110
Louis, T. J., Qasem, A., Abdelli, L. S., & Naser, S. A. (2022). Extra-Pulmonary Complications in SARS-CoV-2 Infection: A Comprehensive Multi Organ-System Review. Microorganisms, 10(1), 153. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10010153
Lu, S., Huang, X., Liu, R., Lan, Y., Lei, Y., Zeng, F., Tang, X., & He, H. (2022). Comparison of COVID-19 Induced Respiratory Failure and Typical ARDS: Similarities and Differences. Frontiers in Medicine, 9, 829771. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2022.829771
Makhoul, E., Aklinski, J. L., Miller, J., Leonard, C., Backer, S., Kahar, P., Parmar, M. S., & Khanna, D. (s. f.). A Review of COVID-19 in Relation to Metabolic Syndrome: Obesity, Hypertension, Diabetes, and Dyslipidemia. Cureus, 14(7), e27438. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.27438
Mensah, G. A., Vaduganathan, M., & Roth, G. A. (2023). Acute Cardiovascular Complications of COVID-19. Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 81(6), 570-573. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2022.11.042
Moazzami, B., Chaichian, S., Kasaeian, A., Djalalinia, S., Akhlaghdoust, M., Eslami, M., & Broumand, B. (2020). Metabolic risk factors and risk of Covid-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS ONE, 15(12), e0243600. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0243600
Molina, M., & Hernández, M. (2022). Respiratory consequences after COVID-19: Outcome and treatment. Revista Española de Quimioterapia, 35(Suppl 1), 67-72. https://doi.org/10.37201/req/s01.16.2022
Ntchana, A., Shrestha, S., & Pippin, M. (s. f.). Cardiovascular Complications of COVID-19: A Scoping Review of Evidence. Cureus, 15(11), e48275. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.48275
Pe, S., Jp, K., & Cj, R. (2022). Post-acute sequelae of COVID-19: A metabolic perspective. eLife, 11. https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.78200
Pillarisetti, J., Cheema, M. S., Haloot, J., Panday, M., Badin, A., Mehta, A., Anderson, A. S., & Prasad, A. (2022). Cardiac complications of COVID-19: Incidence and outcomes. Indian Heart Journal, 74(3), 170-177. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ihj.2022.04.008
Rico-Martín, S., Calderón-García, J. F., Basilio-Fernández, B., Clavijo-Chamorro, M. Z., & Sánchez Muñoz-Torrero, J. F. (2021). Metabolic Syndrome and Its Components in Patients with COVID-19: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) and Mortality. A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease, 8(12), 162. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcdd8120162
Saeed, S., Tadic, M., Larsen, T. H., Grassi, G., & Mancia, G. (2021). Coronavirus disease 2019 and cardiovascular complications: Focused clinical review. Journal of Hypertension, 39(7), 1282-1292. https://doi.org/10.1097/HJH.0000000000002819
Singh, S. J., Baldwin, M. M., Daynes, E., Evans, R. A., Greening, N. J., Jenkins, R. G., Lone, N. I., McAuley, H., Mehta, P., Newman, J., Novotny, P., Smith, D. J. F., Stanel, S., Toshner, M., & Brightling, C. E. (2023). Respiratory sequelae of COVID-19: Pulmonary and extrapulmonary origins, and approaches to clinical care and rehabilitation. The Lancet. Respiratory Medicine. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-2600(23)00159-5
Srinivasan, A., Wong, F., Couch, L. S., & Wang, B. X. (2022). Cardiac Complications of COVID-19 in Low-Risk Patients. Viruses, 14(6), 1322. https://doi.org/10.3390/v14061322
Steenblock, C., Schwarz, P. E. H., Ludwig, B., Linkermann, A., Zimmet, P., Kulebyakin, K., Tkachuk, V. A., Markov, A. G., Lehnert, H., Angelis, M. H. de, Rietzsch, H., Rodionov, R. N., Khunti, K., Hopkins, D., Birkenfeld, A. L., Boehm, B., Holt, R. I. G., Skyler, J. S., DeVries, J. H., … Bornstein, S. R. (2021). COVID-19 and metabolic disease: Mechanisms and clinical management. The Lancet. Diabetes & Endocrinology, 9(11), 786. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-8587(21)00244-8
Terzic, C. M., & Medina-Inojosa, B. J. (s. f.). CARDIOVASCULAR COMPLICATIONS OF COVID-19. Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinics of North America. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmr.2023.03.003
Tolu-Akinnawo, O., Adusei Poku, F., Elimihele, T., League, M., Adkins, C. F., & Okafor, H. (s. f.). Acute Cardiovascular Complications of COVID-19: A Systematic Review. Cureus, 15(5), e38576. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.38576
Williams, Z., & Hull, J. H. (2022). Respiratory complications following COVID‐19 in athletic populations: A narrative review. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports, 10.1111/sms.14275. https://doi.org/10.1111/sms.14275
Wu, S., Zhou, K., Misra-Hebert, A., Bena, J., & Kashyap, S. R. (2022). Impact of Metabolic Syndrome on Severity of COVID-19 Illness. Metabolic Syndrome and Related Disorders, 20(4), 191-198. https://doi.org/10.1089/met.2021.0102
Xie, W., Hsu, H. E., Shafer, P. R., Podolsky, M. I., & Stokes, A. C. (s. f.). Metabolic Disease and The Risk of Post-COVID Conditions: A Retrospective Cohort Study. medRxiv. https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.03.26.24304845
Zhang, H., Wu, Y., He, Y., Liu, X., Liu, M., Tang, Y., Li, X., Yang, G., Liang, G., Xu, S., Wang, M., & Wang, W. (2022). Age-Related Risk Factors and Complications of Patients With COVID-19: A Population-Based Retrospective Study. Frontiers in Medicine, 8, 757459. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2021.757459
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