Resumen
Los anticuerpos inmunogénicos desempeñan un papel fundamental en la medicina transfusional, el trasplante de órganos y el tratamiento de enfermedades autoinmunes, identificarlos en la población es crucial para garantizar la compatibilidad en las transfusiones y los trasplantes, así como para comprender la patogénesis de estas enfermedades. El objetivo del estudio fue demostrar los anticuerpos inmunogénicos por sistemas sanguíneos en la población. La metodología aplicada fue narrativa documental tipo descriptivo, el cual permitió seleccionar artículos relacionados con el tema. Los resultados destacaron que los anticuerpos inmunogénicos según el área geográfica de mayor frecuencia fueron Duffy y Kidd llegando a estar presente en un 79,66 y 50% respectivamente. La prevalencia Muestra una gran variabilidad, desde 7,7% en niños de Japón hasta 66.9% en menores de Arabia Saudí regiones de Asia. Se utilizan diversas técnicas, incluyendo pruebas de antiglobulina, genotipificación, PCR-SSP, y paneles de células. Como conclusión Duffy mostro frecuencias notablemente distintas en diversas poblaciones. La prevalencia varia en grupos etarios, siendo los niños menores los más afectados. Para identificar anticuerpos irregulares se evidencio el uso de varias técnicas, incluyendo PCR-SSP, paneles de células y pruebas cruzadas.
Citas
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